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• WORLD AQUACULTURE • DECEMBER 2014 51
quality larvae. Inasmuch as most hatcheries in China use farmed
broodstock directly sourced from commercial grow-out ponds,
selection standards should be taken into account for achieving
healthy condition and body size of male or female brooders for
overwintering indoors. Broodstock prawns should be selected
to be guaranteed virus free. More hatchery technologies should
be innovated to improve water quality and increase survival to
metamorphosis. Above all, health management depends upon
ecological technologies to produce quality seeds. The antibiotics
used in hatchery production to control pathogens should be
prohibited strictly to avoid drug residues and developing antibiotic-
resistant pathogens.
Development of new disease prevention systems. It is important
to improve the disease diagnosis technology of M. rosenbergii
and perfect prevention and treatment systems, especially for viral
diseases. At present, diagnostic techniques for WTD, using reverse
transcriptase-PCR and TAS-ELISA methods have been developed.
The development of SPF seed production technologies has been
effective in preventing whitish muscle epidemics. The scientific
research concerned with disease detection during seed production
and grow-out farming of M. rosenbergii should be strengthened and
the detection technology of new pathogens needs to be improved,
thus providing scientific guidance for disease control.
Future Prospects
It is certain that the giant freshwater prawn industry still has
bright prospects for expansion in China. Continued growth of
commercial aquaculture of giant freshwater prawn will depend
on joint efforts of the government, scientific researchers and
farmers; the development of SPF prawn production systems; and
stable hatchery output of quality prawn seed. Commercial prawn
aquaculture has great growth potential, particularly where farmers
cultivating L. vannamei suffered setbacks from early mortality
syndrome (EMS). More attention must be directed to manage new
virus outbreaks in the giant freshwater prawn to avoid a sharp
decline in production, similar to the collapse of marine shrimp
aquaculture in 1993 caused by WSSV.
Notes
Yang Ming, Shanghai Shencao Special Fisheries Development
Company, Shanghai, 201516, China
Acknowledgments
This work was supported by Shanghai Agriculture Science
Technology Achievement Transformation Fund (Project No.
123919N1500).
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