This study profiled the socioeconomic characteristics of fisherfolks, it also analyzed the food security, profitability and constraints of the value chain actors along Ogun river basin, Ogun state. A two-stage multi sampling procedure was adopted in selecting 151 respondents for three value chain strata: fishers, fish marketers and fish processors. The first stage entailed the purposive sampling of five fishing communities, Oyan, Alamutu, Lafenwa, Oriyanrin, Akomoje, based on activity level in the different fisheries value chain. The second stage involved use of simple random sampling in the selection of 50 percent of the fishers, fish marketers, and processors. The results revealed that highest proportion (34.9%) of the fishers were in the age brackets of 41-50 years, the highest proportion of fish processors (37.9%) were in the 31-40 years of age group. The mean ages of the fishers, fish marketers and fish processors were 44.41±10.17 years, 48.22±13.90 years and 39.55±9.06 years respectively. More than two-thirds (67.4%) of the fishers made use of gillnets, followed by cast net (50.0%), hook and line (41.9%) and gura net (38.4%). A total of 28 fish species from 16 families were found in Ogun River with family Cichlidae accounting for the highest proportion (32.1%) followed by families Mormyridae (10.7%), Alestidae (7.1%), and Anabantidae (7.1%). Of the 28 fish species, only eight (28.6%) were evenly distributed across all locations. The highest proportion (22.1%) of fishers were Yoruba. More than half (55.6%) of fish marketers were Yoruba while all (100.0%) the fish processors were Egun. The most severe constraints faced were, lack of funding for business expansion, lack of modern equipment and inadequate preservation facilities. The mean annual revenue of fishers was N5,996,083.72 ( x ± 5,444,005.00) while the fish marketers and fish processors earned average revenues of N1,015,040.00 (x ± 1,226,230.00) and N587,241.38 (x ± 215,358.45) respectively. The difference in total revenues of value chain actors were significant (F = 28.730, p<0.01). The mean total revenue between the fishers and marketers was significant (mean difference = N5009239.28, p<0.01), the difference in mean revenue of fishers and fish processors was significant (mean difference = N5408842.34, p<0.01). There were significant associations between presence of fisheries policies (χ2 = 120.071, df = 2, p<0.01). No significant difference was found in the mean revenue of fish marketers and fish processors (mean difference = N399603.07, p>0.05) participation in policy enforcement (χ2 = 70.114, p<0.01), sufficiency of existing rules and regulations (χ2 = 32.479, p<0.01), extent of obedience to existing policies (χ2 = 32.243, p<0.01). Following the outcome of this research, it is important to affirm that all three fisheries value chain actors (fishers, fish processors and fish marketers) individually and collectively play meaningful roles in fisheries value chain development. In line with the findings of this study and the need to improve fisher folks’ participation in fisheries