AQUA 2024

August 26 - 30, 2024

Copenhagen, Denmark

AQUAFEED GREENWASHING: CERTIFICATION, SUSTAINABLE AND RESPONSIBLE

Karl D. Shearer*

 

NOAA, National Marine Fisheries Service (Retired)

Karl.shearer@gmail.com

 



The transition of aquafeeds from fishmeal and fish oil to alternatives has been in progress since the early 2000s. A wide variety of products are being investigated including microbial proteins, fish and animal processing waste, insect meal, algae and terrestrial plants. Soy, appears to be a promising alternative due primarily to the quantity  and quality  of protein. Concurrent with the shift toward alternative feedstuffs, there has been a growing awareness of the potential environmental effects of both aquaculture and agriculture, and a desire to make aquaculture “sustainable.” In 1990 the U.S. government passed a law (U.S. Code, Title 7, Section 3103) that defined sustainable agriculture and aquaculture.

 In brief, sustainability is site-specific and over the long-term is required to:

  1.  Satisfy human food and fiber needs.
  1.  Enhance environmental quality and the natural resource base upon which the agriculture economy depends.
  1.  Make the most efficient use of nonrenewable resources and on-farm resources and integrate, where appropriate, natural biological cycles and controls.
  1. Sustain the economic viability of farm operations.
  1. Enhance the quality of life for farmers and society as a whole.

 I will present an examination of soy in aquafeed as it relates to the  USA Title 7 language as well as the UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) 12, 13, 14, 15. Constance (2010 Sustainability 2 (1) 48-72) wrote “because the concept of sustainability is deeply contested, agribusiness is able to exploit the ambiguity surrounding the definition of sustainable and exercise power in attempts to frame sustainable agriculture in their favor.” It will be difficult to claim that intensive aquaculture is sustainable without sustainable feeds. In 2013 soybeans, grown in the USA, were certified by (xxx) as being sustainably produced. My presentation will show  that this is not the case.