At present less than 10% of aquaculture production is based on genetically improved animals, despite the rapid growth in annual genetic gain of aquaculture species. Although conventional breeding programmes have played a critical role in the genetic improvement of 50 important aquaculture species , low efficiency of this approach can not meet human needs. Since the introduction in 2001, both theoretical and practical breeding studies have revealed the higher accuracy of GS than that of traditional breeding, which can accelerate genetic gain. In recent years, many GS studies have been conducted on aquaculture species, which have shown that GS produces higher prediction accuracy than traditional pedigree-based method. Basic process of genomic selection in aquaculture is described as Fig1. T he principles and processes, preconditions, advantages, analytical methods and factors influencing GS should be taken into account before its application in a new species. Furthermore, future directions of GS in aquaculture should be considered , which expand its application in more aquaculture species.