Haematological and blood biochemistry measurements in a repeatable and accurate manner can be a key step toward fish health monitoring. Blood performance (BP) formula (it covers red blood cells, white blood cells, haemoglobin, haematocrit, and total protein) is a reliable indicator of fish health and growth when applied to compare groups in the same experiment or farm. The idea behind this formula is that any single component of this formula separately cannot be reliable enough as a biomarker of fish health, but BP can. Previously, BP had a correlation with improved growth and immune system in fish. Further, in various stressful conditions, the fish exposed to stress had a lower value of BP than the control. This study, as a follow-up from previous data analysis, aimed to investigate how the antioxidant system and liver enzymes in fish can be connected to BP.
After searching in databases such as Scopus , published papers that measured five components of BP formula plus antioxidant system parameters (superoxide dismutase , catalase , malondialdehyde , glutathione , glutathione peroxidase , and glutathione S-transferase ) or liver enzymes (alkaline phosphatase , alanine transaminase , aspartate aminotransferase, and lactate dehydrogenase) were selected . In the end, we had nearly 157 papers. T wo random numbers were generated based on the reported mean and standard deviation. Then, we monitored the antioxidant parameters and liver enzyme trends to see what relation they have with BP.
The data analysed showed that BP had a strong direct relation with BP (89.5% of articles) in reviewed articles. Further, more than 75% of papers reported a direct relation between BP and liver enzymes. Figure 1a and Figure 1b show the relationship between the type of BP and antioxidant capacity and liver enzymes, respectively. This was further evidence that BP is a great marker for fish health. When we match this output with improved immunity and growth in these studies, BP makes physiologically more sense.