Asian-Pacific Aquaculture 2024

July 2 - 5, 2024

Surabaya, Indonesia

FIELD EFFICACY OF GARLIC Allium sativum EXTRACT AGAINST BACTERIAL DISEASE (VIBRIOSIS)

Fahmi, M. F.* ,  Shaharah, M. I. and Firdaus-Nawi, M, A. Azila

Marine Fishes Aquaculture Research Division,

Fisheries Research Institute,

Tanjung Demong,  22200, Besut, Terengganu, Malaysia.

faisalfahmi2121@gmail.com

 



Vibriosis is very important disease mainly in the marine culture industry that affects a wide range of farmed and wild fish as the bacteria can cause severe economic losses to the farmer. The use of synthetic antibiotics such as oxytetracycline to control the vibriosis have developed the antibiotic-resistant microorganisms. Herbs are considered the best alternative and one of the herbs with strong antioxidant and antibacterial properties is garlic (Allium Sativum ). Thus, this study investigates the disease resistance against Vibrio sp. infections in Asian sea bass, Lates calcarifer , immunity and growth rate effect by garlic (Allium sativum) supplemented feeding. A total of 2000 juvenile Asian sea bass at size 2.8 inch were distributed equally into four 10-ton liter tank to represent two group with a replicate. Two group of Asian sea bass juvenile were fed with different feed that were normal feed (control) and feed supplemented with garlic extract 80% concentration. Garlic juices extract supplemented to fish feed were 50ml/kg of fish feed and given two times daily with 5% of fish body weight. The initial of bacterial isolation shows there are wild vibriosis found in the liver and kidney of the fish. After the garlic juice-extract application, the isolation of wild vibriosis found in the liver and kidney of the fish were reduced.  Isolation of Vibrio sp. in the kidney and liver of treated fish is significantly lower than untreated after one month onwards. There was no significant difference of growth rate between both group after 3 months of application. However, significant increase in the growth rate were observed after 3 months onwards. The results show that garlic juice-extract supplemented to fish feed increased immunity by making Asian sea bass more resistant to wild Vibrio sp. infection and enhancing the growth performances. These findings imply that garlic juice-extract, at 80% concentration, might be used as an immunostimulatory supplement in Asian sea bass production and also can replace oxytetracycline to control the Vibriosis. Yet, more extensive research, including a full commercial cost benefit analysis, is required before suggesting the use of garlic juice-extract in aquaculture.