Fish is an important component of the Nigerian diet, and the aquaculture industry is expanding to meet the increasing demand caused by the decline in wild capture fishery (FAO, 2017b; Ozigbo , 2014). Nigeria, particularly the coastal regions like the Niger Delta, has immense potential for aquaculture development (FAO, 2017b; Ozigbo, 2014). Among the various fish species, catfish (Clarias spp.) is highly sought after due to its native status, affordability compared to other animal proteins, and absence of religious taboos associated with beef and pork (Olagunju, 2007; FDF, 2008).
Aquaculture plays a vital role in ensuring food security and sovereignty in Nigeria, and smoking fish is the primary method of preservation in the absence of cold storage facilities and cold chains (PIND, 2014b). Smoking not only extends the shelf life of fish but also enhances its flavor, reduces waste, and increases protein availability. Smoked fish has emerged as a popular alternative to fresh fish, with a significant consumption rate in the Niger Delta region (PIND, 2014b). The demand for smoked fish, both domestically and internationally, continues to grow.
However, the current fish smoking practices pose sustainability challenges for the sector. Traditional smoking technology, heavily relied upon by farmers, has been associated with environmental and health hazards. Additionally, the burden of smoking falls disproportionately on women, who are primarily responsible for the process.
Addressing these challenges is crucial to ensure that the future of the Nigerian aquaculture industry is environmentally sustainable and does not compromise the health of those involved in smoking or consuming the fish.
This study aims to evaluate the feasibility of a new catfish processing technology, in the Niger Delta. This technology offers a faster, safer, and more user-friendly alternative to existing methods. Its implementation is expected to enhance the safety and quality of the final product by eliminating polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) residues on the fish, increase profitability for processors, improve working conditions for fish farmers (especially women), reduce environmental damage caused by catfish farming, enhance the industry’s resilience to climate change, and contribute to achieving several sustainable development goals, including good health and well-being (SDG 3), gender equality (SDG 5), decent work and economic growth (SDG 8), and climate action (SDG 13).