The intensification of microplastic pollution in aquatic ecosystems has become the focus of global attention. Sources of microplastics in aquatic environment include terrestrial inputs, tourism, shipping, aquaculture, fishing, and atmospheric. The small size range of microplastics (<10 μm) facilitates their accumulation at various trophic levels through ingestion. Indeed, microplastics have been detected in various organisms.
The ingestion of microplastics can lead to various negative physiological effects, including immunotoxicity, reproductive toxicity, and behavioural changes. In addition, microplastics sever as carriers of various pollutants, resistance genes, and microorganisms. As the issue of microplastic pollution gains global attention, there is a growing focus on researching microplastics in aquaculture. To ensure environmental safety, economic efficiency, and food safety, it is imperative to gain a thorough understanding of microplastic pollution in aquaculture.
This contribute provides an overview of the sources and effects of microplastics in aquaculture. Microplastics in aquaculture originate from external environmental inputs and aquaculture processes. They have the potential to release harmful additives, absorb pollutants in the aquaculture environment, degrade the quality of the aquaculture setting, and lead to toxicological effects. These factors can impact the behaviour, growth, and reproduction of aquaculture products, ultimately diminishing the economic benefits of aquaculture. Moreover, the presence of microplastics in aquaculture products may also pose health risks to consumers.
Efforts to combat microplastic pollution in aquaculture will be also discussed. Ecological interception and purification are recognized as effective methods for mitigating this issue.
Additionally, enhancing aquaculture management practices and improving fishing gear and packaging are practical solutions. Proactive measures include the development of new portable microplastic monitoring systems and remote sensing technology, which hold promising applications. Encouragement is given to strengthen the oversight of microplastic pollution in aquaculture through talent exchange and the enhancement of relevant laws and regulations.