Aquaculture America 2024

February 18 - 21, 2024

San Antonio, Texas

MULTIPLE, LOW-DOSE COPPER TREATMENTS STABILIZE BACTERIAL COMMUNITIES IN CHANNEL CATFISH PONDS

Caitlin E. Older*, Charles C. Mischke, Bradley M. Richardson, Monica Wood, Cynthia Ware, Manoj Chandy Koshy, John W. Lowe, Geoffrey C. Waldbieser, Matt J. Griffin and David J. Wise

 

USDA ARS Warmwater Aquaculture Research Unit

141 Experiment Station Rd.

Stoneville MS 38776

caitlin.older@usda.gov

 



 The parasite Bolbophorus damnificus can infect catfish and, in severe cases, cause high fish mortality. Since no approved treatments are available for infected fish, disease control methods focus on reducing  populations of  the two snail intermediate host species, Planorbella trivolvis  and Biompharlaria havanensis .  Copper sulfate application to the pond perimeter is one commonly  used  method to control snail numbers.  Multiple low dose copper treatments are preferred over a single, high dose application to minimize  negative effects to algal blooms and fish health , while still effective in reducing snail numbers. The effects of this treatment strategy on pond water bacterial communities have not been assessed and is an additional consideration ,  given the  important roles  bacteria have in nutrient cycling and fish health .  To evaluate the effect of  multiple low-dose copper sulfate treatments on catfish pond microbiota, twelve ponds received four weekly treatments of copper sulfate. Four ponds each were treated with copper sulfate  pentahydrate  dosages ( 0.0, 0.5, 1.0, or 1.5 mg/L CuSO4*5H2O) .  Water samples were obtained before each weekly treatment and two weeks, four weeks, and 8 weeks after the final treatment, resulting in seven timepoints for each pond.  DNA was extracted and subjected to 16S rRNA gene  sequencing  on an Illumina MiSeq.  Copper sulfate dose  and time had significant effects on bacterial community  diversity  (p<0.05).  Higher copper sulfate  doses minimized shifts in alpha diversity across timepoints; Shannon entropy ranges were 2.26, 1.60, and 1.32 for low, medium, and high CuSO4 doses, respectively . Similarly, beta diversity was more volatile across  sampling  timepoints in control ponds compared to those receiving copper sulfate treatments.  Analysis of relative abundance data suggested the stabilizing effect of copper sulfate was no longer apparent after 8 weeks .  Low dose copper sulfate treatments appear to have  minimal, short-term effects on pond bacterial communities.