World Aquaculture 2021

May 24 - 27, 2022

Mérida, Mexico

BENEFITS OF ADJUSTING TRACE MINERAL PREMIX IN SHRIMP FEED – A MEXICAN FIELD STUDY

 

Kurt Servin Arce* , José P aez Manrique, Simon David,

Cláudia

Figueiredo-Silva#

 

Nutrimentos Acuicola Azteca SA

nutricion@aztecamexico.mx

 # csilva@zinpro.com

 



Replacement of inorganic mineral premix (sulfates) with complete metal-AA complexes (i.e. Zinpro Performance Minerals®, ZPM) at 0.5x rate of inorganic, resulted in numerically higher body weight, 8.3% reduced FCR, and reduced mortality of shrimp challenged with Vibrio harveyi (Jintasataporn et al., 2015). Metal-amino acid complexes have an absorption advantage over inorganic minerals, because they are minimally antagonized by dietary components such as phytic acid and utilize the AA transporters instead of common metal transporters. Davis et al. (1993) reported that L. vanammei required 33 ppm Zn to maintain normal growth and maximize Zn concentration in hepatopancreas, whereas 200 ppm inorganic Zn was required to overcome depressed Zn bioavailability caused by phytates. More recently, Yuan and co-authors reported improved growth performance and health of shrimp when replacing 120 ppm zinc sulphate with 60 ppm Zn-AA complex (Yuan et al. 2020) and 30 ppm Cu sulphate with 15 ppm Cu-AA complex (Yuan et al., 2019a,b).  Importantly, increasing Zn-AA complex from 60 to 80 ppm further improved shrimp health-related parameters (Shi et al., 2021). The present study aimed to evaluate benefits of replacing inorganic trace mineral premix with metal-AA complexes (ZPM) on shrimp performance and survival rate under commercial conditions. Shrimp of 0.5 g initial body weight were grown for ~100 days (cycle varying from 95-130 days) in earthen ponds at a stocking density of 100 shrimp per m2 and 5-6 ppt. Feeds were produced at a commercial feed plant in Mexico, following ingredient and nutrient composition of a typical commercial shrimp feed. Four feeds were produced, varying in their trace mineral premix, as described in embedded table. Inorganic trace mineral premix used in the Control diet was combined with ZPM premix (Control+ZPM) or completely replaced with ZPM (ZPM diet). An additional diet was produced to include fortified ZPM premix (ZPM+), by giving special attention to trace minerals critical in the modulation of shrimp immune system (Zn, Se, Cu, and Cr). Replacement of inorganic premix with ZPM doubled shrimp survival rate. Fortifying trace mineral premix by combining inorganic with ZPM (higher total levels) or using ZPM+, tended to further increase survival rates. Regardless of the treatment, adjustment of inorganic trace mineral premix with ZPM increased final biomass and significantly reduced FCR, translating in positive return on investment (ROI, measured by additional income over feed cost) under commercial conditions. Best ROI was found with ZPM+ treatment (>150%).