Uganda’s growing population and rising demand for animal protein coupled with increasing reduction of wild fish catches highlight the need for sustainable aquaculture solutions (Maulu et al., 2024). However, the aquaculture sector is challenged with availability of affordable feed, and aquatic environmental issues. This study intends to explore the potential of Azolla, a high-protein aquatic fern, as a sustainable alternative feed for Nile tilapia and extend to other animals. The study will optimize Azolla cultivation for biomass yield, evaluate its nutritional value as a direct feed and feed ingredient, and assess its impact on fish growth, health, and feed efficiency. Additionally, it will build capacity on production of Azolla and Azolla based for the scientific community and farmers. Aligned with Uganda’s National Development Plan IV and the SDGs (1, 2, and 13), this research aims to enhance aquaculture productivity, improve food security, and reduce environmental impacts, fostering sustainable and resilient fish farming practices.