World Aquaculture Safari 2025

June 24 - 27, 2025

Kampala, Uganda

HEMATOLOGY, OXIDATIVE STRESS AND BIOCHEMICAL RESPONSES IN Clarias gariepinus POST FINGERLINGS EXPOSED TO SUBLETHAL DOSES OF EMAMECTIN BENZOATE

Emmanuel Ogueji*, Joshua Ekpenyong, Christopher Ezike, Elizabeth Tabi, Michael Olaolu, Abubarka Yaji, Gabriel Amana, Adewale Adeolu, Roseline Nwose,  Joseph Nwakpa,

Department of Fisheries and Aquaculture, Alex Ekwueme Federal University, Ndufu Alike.Abakaliki, Nigeria

 



Emamectin benzoate (EMB) is a highly neurotoxic insecticide used in agronomy, animal husbandry, and farming of aquatic organisms to control pests. Runoff from these sources can harm fish. In this work, experimental groups were subjected to four doses of 17 µg L-1, 34µgL-1, and 68 µg L-1, and control without EMB for 14 days, after which fish was monitored for one week (7 days) depuration period to estimate recovery potential of the fish. In days 1, 7 and 14 durations of exposure, stress biomarkers including aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and blood Urea and Creatinine levels increased with dose and duration, and after 7 days depuration period, they maintained elevated values. The antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) decreased significantly (p < 0.05), as did packed cell volume (PCV), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), hemoglobin concentration (Hb), and red blood cell count (RBCC). The trend continued after 7 days of depuration. There were significant (p<0.05) leukocytosis, lymphopenia and neutrophilia in treated fish. In contrast, lipid peroxidation and glutathione reductase (GR) levels increased but returned to normal after 7 days of depuration. The altered hematological parameters were indicative of immune suppression and anemia in the exposed fish, while the altered antioxidant enzymes implied that reactive oxygen species (ROS) may have played a role in the toxic action of EMB. This study showed that7 day depuration time was insufficient to repair the harm caused by EMB stress to the fish.