Circular approaches in aquaculture are gaining momentum as industries strive for sustainable solutions that reduce environmental footprints and close nutrient loops. At the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), Australia, research efforts focus on advancing circularity in aquaculture production through innovations in systems and nutrition. Key areas include aquaponics, biofloc technology, and the integration of novel locally sourced and processing technologies in feed ingredients.
CSIRO’s work in production systems primarily focuses on aquaponics and biofloc technology. Aquaponics research centres on efficient, close-to-market food production by leveraging aquaponics as a “bio-converter,” which repurposes nutrient-rich effluents from fish farming for plant fertilisation. Since 2021, comparative trials have assessed the performance of aquaponics alongside recirculating aquaculture and hydroponic systems. Findings underscore the need for optimisation in configurations, feeding ratios, and nutrient supplementation, with the upcoming pilot-scale aquaponics facility set to support further research. The biofloc technology research, conducted through industry partnerships, centres on water reuse and nutrient recycling. Commercial-scale biofloc experiments in super-intensive shrimp farming in Asia have shown improved survival rates, productivity, and environmental sustainability, aided by advanced biosecurity, sensor-based monitoring, and data management systems.
On the nutrition front, CSIRO is exploring innovative ingredients and processes to enhance circularity. Research focuses on microbial biomass, value-added local ingredients, and food waste blends, with studies showing growth and health benefits in native fish and shrimp species. These efforts are supported by advances in processing and manufacturing technologies, including fermentation and novel formulation strategies, which improve the feasibility of replacing conventional imported ingredients.
These ongoing efforts at CSIRO underscore the importance of integrating knowledge and expertise in systems and nutrition to enhance aquaculture’s circularity. This research domain aims to inform industry stakeholders and promote responsible growth in the Australian aquaculture sector while contributing to a global push for circular economy solutions. Detailed findings and insights into R&D needs will be discussed further in the presentation.