Recirculating Aquaculture Systems (RAS) offer significant benefits, including reduced water usage, lower environmental impact, and greater control over farming conditions. Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) has gained prominence as one of the most globally cultivated species due to its adaptability, rapid growth, and commercial value. To ensure the proper functioning of RAS and the health of farmed fish, effective methods for removing solids, degrading nitrogenous compounds, and pumping water are necessary. However, these processes can increase production costs, especially due to electricity consumption. In conventional systems, energy costs represent a significant portion of operational expenses.
This system is being designed for the use of the Swirl Separator, a technology employed to remove suspended solids from water. It works through the principle of centrifugal force, generated by the rotation of water within the device. This process allows the removal of debris, sediments, and other solid particles from the water, contributing to improved water quality.
The biological filter converts ammonia nitrogen through biochemical processes, where nitrifying bacteria, such as those found in the Moving Bed Biofilm Reactor, metabolize nitrogenous compounds.
The key feature of this system is the use of Airlift, a water lifting system that utilizes air bubbles to promote circulation and water movement in RAS. Unlike conventional pumping systems, which can consume large amounts of electricity, Airlift uses the principle of water elevation through the injection of compressed air, which requires less energy to operate. This system not only makes circulation more effective and provides better oxygenation, but also minimizes energy consumption.
By combining the solid removal capabilities of the Swirl Separator, the biochemical activity of the biological filter (MBBR), and the energy efficiency of the Airlift, our goal is to develop an efficient filtration method. This will contribute to improved fish health, water quality, and operational efficiency in aquaculture systems, making RAS more accessible and viable, especially for vulnerable communities. This will facilitate access to systems for research and teaching centers and could also be used to help establish subsistence and small-scale production in developing regions.