FLOCponics is defined as the integration of biofloc-based (BFT) aquaculture with hydroponics. The technology is an alternative type of aquaponics system where recirculation aquaculture system (RAS) is replaced by a system based on BFT. The term "FLOCponics" was proposed to identify and unify the systems that have been previously called “BFT+hydroponics”, “BFT+aquaponics” or “BFT+plant production”. Aquaponics and biofloc-based aquaculture are considered environment-friendly approaches to food production, as both are intensive aquaculture systems with a strong focus on nutrient recycling and water saving. FLOCponics shares these characteristics. By adopting the principles of aquaponics and biofloc, FLOCponics can become an additional means to reduce the challenges of the global sustainable food supply. This new technology has been recently reviewed by our group of investigators which highlighted that FLOCponics is still in its initial research stage and inconsistent results were found regarding animal and plant yields in FLOCponics. Some investigations presented better or similar yield results in this system compared to traditional cultures, while others found the opposite. The further commercial application of FLOCponics requires research that provides a solid database, originating from experimental setups with characteristics similar to those of commercial production. One of the key challenges of using FLOCponics is the effective control of solids mainly in permanently coupled layouts, that may reach the hydroponic compartment and clough the plant’s roots affecting the nutrients absorption. Recently, our group of investigators refin ed the system’s design using an on-demand coupled layout and reported reduction of the critical issues related to FLOCponics systems and nutritional benefits of biofloc for tilapia production in FLOCponics. Nile tilapia juveniles fed with diets containing 24 and 28% of crude protein (CP) grew similarly to those in RAS-based aquaponics fed with a 32% CP diet, allowing an 8% reduction in the Nile tilapia dietary CP compared to on-demand coupled aquaponics using RAS. Lettuce growth was similar in FLOCponics, RAS-based aquaponics and hydroponics. A modelling study and simulation indicate that FLOCponics is 10% and 27% more efficient in using water and nitrogen, respectively, than the stand-alone biofloc system, and reduces 10% the amount of solids discharged, supporting the hypothesis that integrating a biofloc system with hydroponics makes biofloc-based fish culture more efficient in terms of resource use and wastes avoidance. An emergy synthesis study assessed the sustainability of tilapia juveniles and lettuce production in FLOCponics, biofloc and/or hydroponic systems, and found that most of the emergy indicators are similar for all systems. Based on the emergy performance, FLOCponics can be considered a promising sustainable food production approach, mainly considering that it is a system under development and there are still many opportunities for improvement. The integration of BFT with plant production fits with the circular economy concept and might contribute to social licenses and farm diversity. In terms of applicability, the FLOCponics system is likely to be applied in the short-term by farmers who already operate BFT in freshwater, adapting their structures to receive the hydroponics subsystem. For BFT production, FLOCponics seems to primarily increase the sustainable character of biofloc-based monocultures by recovering nutrients and expanding product diversity, rather than promoting higher animal growth performance.