In this study we use an interdisciplinary approach to identify opportunities and challenges by improving animal welfare in wild capture fishery to enhance seafood quality and sustainability. Using literary exploration, laboratory experiments with liv e animals, consumer preference assessments and economic modelling , we studied the various steps involved in turning wild fish into food, starting from capture and processing, leading to distribution, and ending up in consumption.
Improper handling and processing of fish can result in stress-induced reductions in meat quality, which carry economic implications such as lower market value and potential rejection of products by consumers. V arious fishing gears are associated with different challenges regarding animal welfare, with s ome renowned for yielding lower-quality catches unsuitable for specific markets. However, proper practices can improve the quality of the catch and consequently reduce food waste. Measures such as lower crowding density and time in the gear are directly related to improved animal welfare as well as meat quality . As climate change intensifies, its impact on marine ecosystems further complicates these dynamics. Through laboratory experiments we found that lower pH and increased temperatures affect fish metabolism, immune system, skin barrier functions and mineralization of scales. These physiological changes undermine fish welfare, which might lower the positive societal outlook towards capture fisheries. These findings highlight the urgency of integrating animal welfare considerations into wild capture fisheries, a necessity strengthened by consumer preferences for ethically sourced products. Seafood products harvested with more humane capture practices could create an increased market demand and product appreciation, reducing the likelihood of waste due to rejected, unsold or underappreciated products. We found that people acknowledge the importance of animal welfare, but only 40 % were willing to pay extra for fish products from producers who priorities animal welfare. This suggests that relying on price-based incentives for improved animal welfare may not be adequate. Economic models further supported this notion , indicating that regulatory measures promoting and enforcing improved capture and processing standards will play a crucial role in motivating industry compliance and encouraging sustainable practices.
In conclusion, this interdisciplinary study combines capture practices , regulatory frameworks, and consumer awareness to address the relationship between animal welfare in wild capture fisheries, seafood quality, and food waste. The study highlights the significance of ethical and sustainable practices in wild capture fisheries for improving seafood quality, lowering food waste, and matching with consumer expectations, global sustainability goals and their advanced interactions in food systems.