AQUA 2024

August 26 - 30, 2024

Copenhagen, Denmark

THE GENETIC VARIATION OF HATCHERY PRODUCED JUVENILES OF ATLANTIC SALMON Salmo salar RELEASED INTO POLISH RIVERS

Dariusz Kaczmarczyk*, Rafal Bernas, Anna Nitkiewicz, Martyna Gadomska  , Dorota Fopp-Bayat

 National Inland Fisheries Research Institute,

Pond Fishery Department, Oczapowskiego 10,

10-719 Olsztyn, Poland.

 



Three  salmon broodstocks : Rutki (RUT) , Aquamar (AQU) , Żelkówko (ZEL) and  its two river populations: Słupia (SLU) and Parsęta (PAR) were investigated. Eleven microsatellite loci were amplified and genotyped .  The  values of  the  genetic variation indicators were calculated.

Among the stocks the total number of alleles detected across all loci ranged 46-81 (Table 1) . The average observed heterozygosity across all  stocks (AC) and loci was 0.59; expected heterozygosity was 0.58 .  The populations remained in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. The  average value  of  Garza-Williamson M index for all populations was low.  The inbreeding values per generation ranged from  minus 0.08% to 0.08%. Genetic distance was high between the Lithuanian stock (RUT and PAR ) and that of Latvian origin (AQU , ZEL and SLU) (Table 2). Several admixture traces were recorded in all stocks with the smallest evidence in RUT (Figure 1).

 The genetic diversity in  the  investigated stocks/populations is slightly lower than that usually recorded in the Baltic Sea salmon populations , probably due to genetic isolation, founder/bottleneck effect, and genetic drift.   The actual level of inbred or outbred in  the  Polish salmon is not high enough to be a problem in  the  production of  its  stocking material.  However,  monitoring  of inbreeding and other indicators of  salmon  genetic variation would be recommended.