Fisheries and aquaculture sector in Bangladesh consistently faces substantial post-harvest quantitative and qualitative losses, stemming from inadequate handling and processing practices at various stages of the distribution chain, often due to ignorance and negligence of the associated stakeholders. Prawn and shrimp stand as significant export commodities for Bangladesh, but their rapid spoilage, primarily attributed to bacterial action, enzymatic activity, and chemical reactions, results in significant post-harvest losses throughout the distribution chain. This study engaged stakeholders involved in the diverse phases of the distribution chain of prawn and other aquatic animals produced in prawn farms in Khulna, Satkhira and Bagerhat district. Its aim was to comprehend post-harvest quantitative and qualitative losses, with the ultimate goal of proposing recommendations to enhance food safety and quality for the export market.
This study revealed that prawn farmers sell small quantities from their ponds to the local auction market, but other fish they sell in bulk, so quantitative and qualitative losses in prawn are high. The study demonstrated that an increase in the number of stakeholders within the distribution chain of prawn correlates with multiple handling steps and subsequently higher losses in food quality. Inadequate handling and processing along the distribution chain led to increased deterioration in sensory, biochemical, and microbial quality of prawn .
This study recommends that a shorter distribution chain, increased awareness, appropriate handling and processing practices, and enhanced sanitary conditions can effectively mitigate the deterioration of prawn quality across various parameters. Therefore, it is imperative for the relevant government and non-government authorities to prioritize and implement appropriate measures to reduce losses, aiming to bolster the volume and value of prawn and other aquatic animals, thus enhancing food security, and boosting export earnings in Bangladesh.