Exercise training during pre-and post-smolt production is becoming a key component in salmon hatcheries as it is known to enhance several production-related traits in salmonids. Exercise conditions for rearing salmonids are continually being optimised and now that the salmonid industry is developing offshore, training is being considered as a tool to prepare domestic stocks for high energy environments. It is unknown if exercise can enhance traits in other understudied salmonid species and in individuals with spinal curvature (scoliosis), which is a common issue within some salmon farms. Here we exposed Chinook salmon to low (0.3 bl s-1) and moderate (0.8 bl s-1) tank velocities for ten to eleven months and quantified respiratory and swimming performance in individuals with and without mild scoliosis. Further, we investigated compositional changes and morphological responses at cellular and whole-body levels. Raising Chinook salmon under moderate velocities improved swimming performance in individuals with and without spinal curvature, but recovery processes in individuals with spinal curvature required higher energetic costs. Fat content was reduced in fish raised under moderate velocities, while protein content was higher in individuals with spinal curvature. Exercise regimes caused morphological changes in muscle fibres, gill, and skin. Together, the results of this study shows benefits for integrating exercise training into hatchery settings (i.e., pre- and post-smolts) to prepare stocks for offshore farming and provides evidence that some exercise-enhanced traits can be translated into individuals with spinal curvature, but concerns remain for individuals with more severe spinal curvature. Additionally, this study reveals that the product quality of fish farmed in offshore locations may differ to current product quality, and that optimising nutrient profiles for offshore feeds should be considered.