Barramundi or Asian Seabass (Lates calcarifer), is an important farmed food fish in Singapore. As the production intensifies, farmers have reported many devastating diseases. One of them is the scale drop syndrome. It is caused by Scale Drop Disease Virus (SDDV), which was recently identified as a Megalocytivirus of the Iridoviridae family. Here, we provide a review on the current understanding of SDDV in barramundi. A search was conducted on Scopus using keywords (“scale drop OR “scale loss”) AND (“barramundi” OR “asian seabass” OR “lates calcarifer”). 11 articles were considered relevant and included. SDDV is typically characterised by scale loss. They are often accompanied by non-specific lesions, including darkened bodies, fin and tail erosions, and sometimes cloudy eyes, and red bellies. These signs could be due to other infections or poor water quality. Further histopathological investigations showed that infected fish had extensive vasculitis and associated necrosis, particularly in spleen and kidney. Currently, there is no established treatment or preventive measure that is safe and effective in controlling the infection under commercial production conditions. Recently, a recombinant MCP protein produced in E. coli vaccine showed a relative protection against mortality of 91%, when compared with the control. However, it is not yet commercialised. Researchers also attempted to develop molecular based diagnostic tests to detect SDDV that could be used for screening incoming stock. This ensures that only negatively tested stock is introduced to an aquaculture facility. This however is not yet an established practice in barramundi farms. Limitations from current studies include the lack of studies on the pathogenesis and epidemiology of SDDV. Hence, we propose to develop a SDDV disease challenge model that may be used as a useful platform for future pathological and epidemiological studies. The same model could also be extended for use in treatment and vaccine trials.