Aquaculture 2022

February 28 - March 4, 2022

San Diego, California

POPULATION DYNAMICS OF TOTAL AND POTENTIALLY PATHOGENIC Vibrio parahaemolyticus IN TEMPERATURE-ABUSED AND RESUBMERGED OYSTERS IN THE NORTHEAST U.S.

Steve Jones1*, Tom Howell2, Christian M. Petitpas3, Cheryl Whistler1, Randi Foxall1, Diane Regan4, Jacob Madden2, Brianne Shanks3, Lori Howell2 and Chris Nash5

1University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH. 03824

2Spinney Creek Shellfish Inc., Eliot, Maine. 03903

3Massachusetts Division of Marine Fisheries, New Bedford, MA 02744

4Massachusetts Division of Marine Fisheries, Newburyport, MA 01950

5New Hampshire Department of Environmental Services- Shellfish Program, Portsmouth, NH 03301

*Stephen.jones@unh.edu

 



Increasing shellfish-borne illnesses  from Vibrio parahaemolyticus (Vp )  in the Northeast US during the past 10 years has triggered intensive management  practices  based on a limited understanding of risks. Current gear-based production requires extensive pre-harvest handl ing that, during warm months ,  can increase Vp levels  in oysters and potentially increase the risk of illness.  Field-testing of Vp control measures for pre-harvest practices was conducted in Maine, New Hampshire and Massachusetts where aquaculture practices, regulations,  environmental  conditions, and Vp populations all vary. O ysters were t emperature-abuse  in Little Bay NH, Spinney Creek ME, and  Plymouth Harbor and Katama Bay MA. The abundances of total (tlh) , potentially pathogenic (tdh & trh) and tdh allele-variants using assays developed to identify regionally important pathogenic strains, were measured in bottom and surface cultured oysters exposed to air for 3-48 hours from sub-ti dal and inter-tidal  locations. Temperature abused, un-exposed and  re-submerged  exposed  oysters  were  sampled after 1-10 days.  Total Vp  concentrations  significantly  increased in abused oysters and remained higher than  in unexposed oysters for up to  8 days, depending on treatments . Both tdh  and trh  were elevated  in abused oysters compared to control oysters but  these pathogenic markers  returned to environmental  levels quicker  than total Vp .  The prevalence of specific tdh alleles as proxy for Vp strain types 36 and 631 (tdh3 ) varied  and  provided further resolution of this specific pathogenic population .  The study provides scientifically sound findings for each state to use in managing  pre-harvest practices to reduce Vp -related public health risks.