ENERGY BUDGET IN THE LAMBARI MONOCULTURE AND INTEGRATED SYSTEM WITH AMAZON RIVER PRAWN AND CURIMBATÁ
Integrated systems may be sustainable alternatives for aquaculture as they combine the use of species of different trophic levels with complementary functions in the ponds. The species yellow-tailed lambari (Astyanax lacustris), Amazon river prawn (Macrobrachium amazonicum) and curimbatá (Prochilodus lineatus) may be viable for this type of culture. Integrate culture can promotes greater utilization of diet and energy in the system. The aim of this study was to map the energy content in the input and output ecological compartments of the culture of lambari in monoculture and in integrated culture with benthic species.
A completely randomized experiment was performed with three treatments and four replicates (50 lambaris / m2 - MONO; integrated lambari and 25 prawns / m2 - I-LP; integrated lambari, prawns and 10 curimbatas / m2 - I-LPC). Twelve ~0.01 ha earthen ponds with and average depth of ~1 m were used. Only lambaris were fed a commercial diet. Prawn and curimbatá fed on the wastes and natural biota. The experiment ended 60 days after stocking.
Ecological compartments were grouped in input and output of energy. The inputs were solar and atmospheric radiation, inlet water, diet, stocked animals, absorbed gases, electricity and human labor. The outputs were solar and atmospheric radiation, outlet water, harvested animals, sediment, emitted gases. The energy analyses of diet, animals and sediment was performed in a calorimetric pump (IKA, C2000 basics). The means (± SD) for each compartment were converted to Megajoule (MJ) (Fig. 1)
The means of input diet, stocked animals, and human labor were similar between treatments. However, I-LP treatment has the lowest use of electrical energy (2.48 ± 4.43MJ) differing from MONO and I-LPC (22.07 ± 16.68; 13.92 ± 11.35MJ, respectively). The I-LPC treatment has a higher energy in the harvested animals and sediment compared to the other output treatments (Figure 1).
