Present work was carried out to study the soil fertility of eight aquaculture farm located in the bank of vellar estuary, Parangipettai. Sediments sample was collected from two spots of every pond (one from the center and another from the outlet of the ponds). Farms were separated into two groups diseased and non diseased farms. Parameter such as pH, electrical conductivity and nutrients were analysed in the dried sediment samples in the laboratory. Disease affected farm showed the pH of 7.6 to 8.5 whereas non disease farm showed pH of 7.5 to 8.3. Electrical conductivity in disease affected farm was observed between 1.9 to 3.1 whereas in non disease farm, 1.6 to 2.6. Amount of nitrogen was less in disease affected farm (18.75 to 121.23 kg/acre) whereas nitrogen was high in non disease farm (77.75 to 160.25 kg/acre). Phosphorous amount available in disease affected farm was from 1.1 to 3.52 kg/acre whereas in non disease farm, 1.34 to 2.14 kg/acre. Potassium present in disease affected farm was ranging from 86.4 to 172.8 kg/acre whereas in non disease farm it was ranging between 151.4 to 171.1 kg/acre. From present study in inferred that the soil quality also plays a key role in the productivity of shrimp ponds due to soil-water interaction.