58 MARCH 2022 • WORLD AQUACULTURE • WWW.WA S .ORG Conclusion Granular cell proliferation and aragonite crystal formations in the first batch (Figs. 12 and 13) and irregular pearl sac formation in mantle tissue surgically operated with graft and shell particle in the second batch demonstrated the natural characteristic of genotypes of mantle tissue in the nacreous secretion process, ultimately leading to successful biomineralization of nacreous secretion in in vitro pearl formation (Fig. 14). It reveals the secretion of nacre by mantle tissue is not necessarily the result of foreign body reaction. The trial has revealed that the quality and color of pearls can also be enhanced by variation in media and by introduction of supplementary micronutrients and proteins (Figs. 15 and 16). A portentous matrix of shells, extracts from seaweed and selected algae play a vital role in inducing the growth of granular cells and aragonite crystal formations. Standardized methodology with uniform and customized culture conditions can create uniform pearly layers with high luster over nuclei. Micronutrients and other supplements can induce the formation of a high ratio of aragonite crystals that could produce pearls of greater value. Notes Dr. Ajai Kumar Sonkar, an independent research scientist and head of the Pearl Aquaculture Research Foundation and is based in the Andaman and Nicobar Islands, India. E-mail: ajai@pearlindia.com FIGURE 15. Adding supplementary micronutrients to the growth medium. FIGURE 14. Irregular pearls formed in explants. FIGURE 16. Explants in nutrient agar medium. The trial has revealed that the quality and color of pearls can also be enhanced by variation in media and by introduction of supplementary micronutrients and proteins. A portentous matrix of shells, extracts from seaweed and selected algae play a vital role in inducing the growth of granular cells and aragonite crystal formations.
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