World Aquaculture Magazine - March 2021

60 MARCH 2021 • WORLD AQUACULTURE • WWW.WA S .ORG increase in the income of fish marketers (Foluso and Taiwo 2018). Years of education, market experience and household size were other major factors that affected marketer income. More years of education correlated with greater income obtained by the fish marketers. Higher levels of educational attainment of marketers can lead to better understanding of market dynamics and thus better use of sound knowledge of business principles. Educated fish marketers are able to make good use of market information (Adeleke and Afolabi 2012). Greater marketing experience resulted in higher income obtained by fish marketers. The larger the household size TABLE 2. Technical-related characteristics of fish marketing activities. Var i ab l e s Fr equenc y Pe r c en t age Marketers source of fish Ponds in Ekiti State Cold storage in Lagos Igbokoda Cold storage in Ekiti State Cold storage in Ilesha Cold storage in Ibadan Problems encountered when sourcing funds No place to borrow No collateral Interest rate too high Repayment period too short Sources of funds for financing marketing activities Personal savings Cooperative society Thrift Commercial bank Agriculture bank Family and friends Reasons why respondents rely on these sources of funds Easy to get Has low interest rate Only available source Interest rate of funds (%) 0 1-3 4-6 7-10 >10 Type of labor used for marketing Self Self Self and hired Self and family Self-hired and family Locations where respondents market fish Market Pond Both Number of times fish markets open Daily Weekly Monthly Occasionally 45 11 6 39 2 2 49 19 28 9 56 31 6 4 6 2 21 19 65 60 13 13 9 10 40 43 12 5 5 55 26 24 85 2 4 14 42.9 10.5 5.7 37.1 1.9 1.9 46.7 18.0 26.7 8.6 53.3 29.5 5.7 3.8 5.7 1.9 20.0 18.1 61.9 57.1 12.4 12.4 8.6 9.5 38.0 41.0 11.4 4.8 4.8 52.4 24.8 22.8 80.9 1.9 3.8 13.3 an incentive to persuade customers to purchase fish. Consumers buy meat when the price of fish was too high, although about ¼ of respondents indicated that consumers still purchased fish when the price of fish was high. Factors Influencing Income of Fish Marketers Sales price was the main factor affecting income of fish marketers in the study area. Fish marketers produced and purchased high-quality fish products, with minimum spending on value addition. An increase in the sales price of fish products leads to an TABLE 3. Structure of the fish market. Var i ab l e s Fr equenc y Pe r c en t age Barriers to entering the fish marketing industry Yes No Barriers to entering the fish marketing industry High capital High tax Sex barrier Location barrier Group tied No barrier Barriers to exiting the fish marketing industry Yes No No response Forms of fish Smoked, sundried Fresh Fried Frozen Smoked and fresh Smoked and frozen Fresh and frozen Smoked, fresh and fried Classification of fish Cultured fish (catfish and tilapia) Non-captured (wild) fish Cultured and captured fish Product differentiation AFDAC Shape Taste Color Packaging (labelling) Ingredient Size Long shelf life No differentiation Source of information Personal interaction/contact Phone call Internet Radio/Television Pamphlet Personal interaction and phone call No means of information Status of market Increasing Decreasing Fluctuating 66 23 26 17 8 13 2 39 4 64 37 28 15 2 30 15 5 8 2 51 48 6 7 2 15 1 25 2 2 1 50 58 12 2 2 5 16 10 96 6 4 62.9 21.9 24.8 16.2 7.6 12.4 1.9 37.1 3.8 61.0 35.2 26.7 14.3 1.9 28.6 14.3 4.8 7.6 1.9 48.6 45.7 5.7 6.7 1.9 14.3 1.0 23.8 1.9 1.9 1.0 47.6 55.2 11.4 1.9 1.9 4.8 15.2 9.5 90.5 5.7 3.8