World Aquacluture Magazine - September 2020

44 SEP TEMBER 2020 • WORLD AQUACULTURE • WWW.WA S.ORG carpio fingerlings (Labh and Shakya 2016). In another study, Nile tilapia fingerlings (3.8 ± 0.2 g) were fed diets containing LFE and challenged with Aeromonas hydrophila (Labh et al. 2017). After 60 days of feeding diets with LFE, growth and hemato- immunological responses against Aeromonas hydrophila infection in Nile tilapia were improved. The immune response of silver striped catfish Pangasianodon hypophthalmus fed lapsi demonstrated strong antibacterial effects of active compounds known to play an essential role in preventing bacterial infections (Labh et al . 2017). Lapsi fruit enhances vitamin C concentration level in the liver and kidney of rohu Labeo rohita (Shakya and Labh 2018). Results of a study that compared hematological responses to feeding graded levels of LFE to rainbow trout indicate that 0.4 percent lapsi fruit is sufficient to elicit a favorable response. In Nepal, extracts of lapsi fruit can be used as a dietary supplement to enhance growth and immunity in carp, tilapia, trout and catfish (Fig. 6). Our team continues to work in this area and believes that future research on the application of lapsi fruit in aquaculture can be beneficial by providing a tool to improve fish survival (Shakya and Labh 2019). Notes Corresponding Author: ShyamNarayan Labh, Ph. D., Professor Founder & President of Nepal Aquaculture Society TU-IOST, Research Management Cell, Amrit Campus Kathmandu 44600, Nepal; Email: snlabh@gmail.com References Bhadauria, K.K.S., G.H. Pailanbhadauri, M.M. Das, S.S. Kundu, J.P. Singh and G.N. Lodhibhadauri. 2002. Evaluation of shrubs and tree leaves for carbohydrate and nitrogen fractions. Indian Journal of Animal Sciences 72(1):87-90. Budhathoki, R. and B. Sapkota. 2018. Fish farming in Nepal: trend and consumption level. Acta Scientific Agriculture 2(9):109-115. Doanh, N.D., N.N. Ham, N.T. Tam, P.T. Son, N. vanDau, M. 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Nepalese Journal of Agricultural Sciences (14):201-210. Labh, S.N. and S.R. Shakya. 2016. Effects of dietary lapsi Choerospondias axillaris on survival, growth, and protein profile of common carp ( Cyprinus carpio L) fingerlings. International Journal of Zoological Studies  1(5):36-415. Labh, S.N., B.L. Kayastha, S.R., Shakya, M.P. Kushwaha, S.R. Vaidya, P. Chitrakar and K.S. Dhital. 2017. Present status and future perspective of freshwater fisheries in Nepal: A short overview. International Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Studies 5(3):95-97. Labh, S.N., S.R. Shakya and B.L. Kayastha. 2015. Extract of medicinal lapsi Choerospondias axillaris (Roxb.) exhibit antioxidant activities during in vitro studies. Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry 4(3):194. Li, C., J. He, Y. Gao, Y. Xing, J. Hou and J. Tian. 2014. Preventive effect of total flavones of Choerospondias axillaris on ischemia/ reperfusion-induced myocardial infarction-related MAPK signaling pathway. 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Ethanol extract of Choerospondias axillaris fruit pulp enhances haematological parameters in Oncorhynchus mykiss cultured in Nepal. Nepal Journal of Biotechnology 7 (1):21-29. Wang, H., X.D. Gao, G.C. Zhou, L. Cai andW.B. Yao. 2008. In vitro and in vivo antioxidant activity of aqueous extract from Choerospondias axillaris fruit. Food Chemistry 106:888-895. Zhu, L., Z. Chengzhong, L. Chong and Z. Yawei. 2003. Studies on chemical constituents of Choerospondias axillaris . Journal of Chinese Medicinal Materials (1):012. FIGURE 6. Lapsi supplemented feed for aquaculture production (Photo: S.N. Labh).